https://gpchn.252123.xyz/tags/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B/Recent content in 编程 on gpchn 栖息地HugoenSat, 15 Mar 2025 15:38:13 +0000https://gpchn.252123.xyz/posts/python-%E4%B8%AD%E8%89%AF%E5%A5%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A0%81%E9%A3%8E%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%A0%B7%E7%9A%84/Sat, 15 Mar 2025 15:38:13 +0000https://gpchn.252123.xyz/posts/python-%E4%B8%AD%E8%89%AF%E5%A5%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A0%81%E9%A3%8E%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%A0%B7%E7%9A%84/<p>我当前在 Python 脚本里保持的骨架大致如下：</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># coding=utf-8</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>(): </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#f92672">...</span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;__main__&#34;</span>: </span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> main() </span></span></code></pre></div><p>下面逐条解释这些选择，以及我在缩进、引号、空白上的习惯。</p> <h2 id="shebang">shebang</h2> <p><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3</code> 只在 Unix/类 Unix 系统上生效，Windows 会直接忽略这一行。它的作用是让内核用 <code>env</code> 找到 <code>python3</code> 来执行脚本，而不是硬编码 <code>/usr/bin/python3</code> 这样可能不存在的路径。对要用 <code>./script.py</code> 直接跑脚本的人来说，这行算基本礼貌，省去先敲 <code>python3</code> 的步骤。</p>